Device for creating draft



(No Madel.) 1 4 sheets-sheet 1. C. H. SGHARAR.

DEVICE POR GREATING DRAFT.

No. 418,818. Patented Jan. 7, 1890.

(No Model.)

G. H. SCHARAR. DEVICE EOE CREATING DEAE'E.

No. 418,818. Y Patented Ja.11.7, 1890,

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

C. H. SGHARAR.

DEVICE FOR CREATING DRAFT. Y

No. 418,818. Patented Jan. 7.1890.

NA PETERS PholLMwgnphef, Wnlhinglcn. D. C.

(NovModel.) whew-sheet 4.

. C. H.- SGHARARl nvmr: PoR CREATING DRAFT.

Patented 10.418,818. Jan. 7,1890.

i PATENT OFFICE.

CHRISTIAN H. SCHARAR, .OF SCRANTON, PENNSYLVANIA.

DEVICE FOR CRATlNG DRAFT.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Fatent No. 418,818, dated January7, 189C.

ASerial No. 814,500. (No model.)

able others skilled in the art to which it apper? tains to make and usethe same. i

My invention relates t an improvement in devices for increasing draft. VThe object is to provide simple and effective means, more particularlyadapted to use in connection with steam-generating furnaces,

` whereby a draft of great force may be formed through linea: o@ of Fig.3.

at pleasure with the loss or expenditureof a minimum amount ofsteamforce.

Vith these ends in View myinvention consists in certain features ofconstruction and combinations of parts, as will behereinafter described,and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents alongitudinal verticalsection of a steam-boiler furnace, showing my draft device in connectiontherewith. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same. Fig. 3 :is an enlargedvertical transverse section of the draft-increasing device in positionat the base yof the smoke-stack, and Fig. 4 is a horizontal sectionFigs. 5, 6, 7, and S represent, respectively, longitudinal verti# calsection, plan, enlarged horizontal section, and enlarged verticalsection of a modified arrangement of the draft device.`

A represents the boiler. In the present instance I yhave representedtwin horizontal boilers set upon suitable supports B, through which theproducts of combustion from the furnace C pass to the uptake orsmoke-stack D.

In Figs; l, 2, 3, and 4 my draft-forcing device is represented aslocated at the base of lthe smoke-stack. The device ,consists of a group(inthe present nstancefour are shown) of tubes E, contracted from theirbase'upwardly, through which the products of combustion are obliged topass to escape. This group of contractedpassages is provided around thewalls of each passage, below the more contracted portion of the passage,with several openings leading from without the tubes E upwardly throughthe walls of the tubes to the interior thereof. the letter e, and theirslant is such as to cause the steam issuing therethrough to tend tofocus a short distance abovethe more con` tracted end of the tube. Thegroup of contracted tubes E is surrounded by a casing F, completelyinclosing the side walls of the group and forming a chamber orsteam-space G, encircling the sides of each one of the tubes of thegroup. The chamber or steam-space G is connect-ed with the steamspace ofthe boiler by a pipe H, provided with a suitable stopcock h forregulating the supply of steam. vA return or waste pipe I, provided witha stop-cock t', is also connected with the lower portion of thesteam-space G, for the purpose of removing water of condensation fromthe space. with nozzles or expanding-tubes K, projecting upwardly fromtheir more contracted portions, and preferablyr enlarged as they extendupwardly, forming a reverse taper relatively to the tubes E.

These openings are represented by- The contracted tubes E are providedThe effect of the above arrangement is as follows: The steam fromtheboiler admitted into the space surrounding the tubes E becomessuperheated, because of its contact with the highly-heated walls of thetubes through which the products of combustion pass, and issues throughthe small openings e within the tubes E with great force,produc ing avacuum or partial vacuum within the tubes beneath the issuing jets,which the gases passing along the Hue beneath the boiler rush to iill,and, together with the steam, are carried out of the nozzles K and upthe smoke-stack. By arranging the several tubes E of the group aroundthe axis of the uptake or smoke-stack, and by arranging the severalpassages or small openings e around the axis of the tubes E, the severaljets have a tendency to fill-the nozzles with a rapid upward current,and these several currents combined to fill the uptake and prevent anytendency to downward side currents, which are liable in many instancesto vinterfere with an effective draft.

As a matter of simplicity of construction, the casing F and the' groupof contracted tubes E may be formed in a single casting,

IOO

and the nozzles K may be bolted to the oasincr F in position over thecontracted ends of the tubes.

In Figs. 5, G, 7, and 8 I have represented the group of Contracted tubeswith their nozzles arranged horizontally and in a line and located inone of the transverse supportingwalls beneath the boiler,in the path ofthe Hue leading from the furnaee to the uptake. The principle upon whiohthey operate is, however, the same in this arrangement as in thathereinbefore described, and it is evident that said tubes might begrouped in many other well known or approved forms and loeated at otherpositions in the draft-flue without departing,` from the spirit andseope of my invention. It is further to be ,noted that the chamber orsteam-space G may be itself a steam-generati ng chamber, and that thesteam generated therein issuing` from the nozzles, will, as beforeexplained, produce the forced drafts.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I olaim as new, anddesire to seeure b5 Letters Patent, is

l. In combination, a `srroup of contracted tubes located in thedraft-line, asteam-spaee surrounding the group of eontraeted tubes,flaring nozzles fitted to the tubes, the oontraeted tubes being providedwith oblique openings extending` through-their walls, and a connectionleading from the surrounding steam-space to the steam-supply,substantially as set forth.

2. A group of tubes E, provided with nozzles or expanding-tubes K, saidtubes E being contracted from their base upwardly and provided aroundthe walls of each passage below the Contracted portions with openings,easing F, surrounding the tubes forming steam-space, the same beingconnected with the steam-space of the boiler by pipe lI,a return orwaste pipe I, connected with the steam-space G, for the purpose ofremovings,r water of condensation from the space, substantially asshown.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence oftwo subscribing` witnesses.

CHRISTIAN Il. SCHARAR.

\Vitnesses:

W. L. LAWRENCE, W. E. ANDERSON.

